The former player: 'I wanted to carry on playing'
Important note: This article contains descriptions of racially offensive language and behaviour
FormerEngland player Luther Burrell says that going public to reveal racial discrimination in rugby union brought his career to an early end.
In a June 2022, Burrell characterized racism as being "widespread" in the game, displaying Whatsapp messages and remembering training ground "comments" he had been subject to while representing Newcastle.
At that time 34 and without a team, Burrell's only professional rugby since has been a handful of games with guest team the Barbarians.
"I have definitely had to end my career because of what happened," he explained to reporters.
"I wanted to continue competing, of course I did. I pursued that, and it fell through when news came out that there were investigations going on.
"This situation was difficult - I had to simply accept the fate and accept that this whole situation is a lot more important than me."
A sports organization investigation in 2023 found Burrell's claims were accurate "likely correct", but stated it could not collect sufficient evidence to categorically say they occurred at Newcastle.
Luther Burrell started all of England's Six Nations games in 2014 and 2015, but was surprisingly overlooked for their squad for the 2015 tournament
Burrell told media he also encountered discrimination within the England team environment, during a international career that saw him earn 15 caps after his debut in 2014.
"I've had multiple traumatic experiences within England camp," he said.
"Some discrimination and other just outdated thinking that's really inappropriate."
Racism had become normalised in dressing rooms, in Burrell's view.
"This is something that has been disguised as humour and that's been the problem that I've personally experienced and seen," said Burrell, who is of Jamaican descent.
"During a period of time you just begin to believe that it's the norm and that is fine and that it's not malicious, but that's incorrect."
Burrell says he was eventually motivated to speak out after a team-mate at Newcastle called him as a "slave" and instructed him to put sun cream on his wrists and ankles "where chains would be placed."
The governing body said Burrell's disclosures had led to "increased scrutiny at the culture within the elite game and to the implementation of an action plan for the elite level."
"The organization has given considerable focus on inclusion and diversity in rugby union and a great deal of work undertaken both prior and after Luther Burrell came forward and shared his encounters of racism and class discrimination," it continued.
"We are ongoing work with clubs and partners in the elite level to work for a environment of inclusivity but acknowledge this takes time and is an continuous effort."
Every Prem and women's rugby club now has in-person training on building inclusive cultures, with its success tracked via specific documentation and surveys.
All England players, including age-grade squads, are trained in being "engaged observers" to step in and protect others from harmful conduct.
"You should be so proud of what you have done," Burrell's mother Joyce told him as part of the film about his experiences.
"I know it has had this effect on you and ended your career, but in our eyes, you have achieved so well. We are so impressed of you and to have you as a family member."
Burrell's dad Geoff passed away soon after the production of the film, and his sister died recently.
Burrell, who was raised on a social housing in his hometown, maintains his work to make the game more accessible.
His charitable organization works to connect with children in disadvantaged communities and support them thrive on and off the pitch with complimentary sports training, mentoring and nutrition education.
"My personal intentions are genuine, I want to see the evolution of the game and if others is prepared to share their experience then I'll persist to advocate for that cause because I'm not just pursuing this for myself," he said.
"We have an responsibility to make the sport as great as it can be and the longer I speak about it hopefully the more confident others will feel about discussing their personal stories as well.
"I need to grab the bull by the opportunity and keep bearing this flag and continue supporting this weight and accomplish what I can to develop opportunities and make the game more attractive and more inclusive.
"There are a lot of disadvantaged young people and a lot of economic hardship and I honestly think that rugby has the potential to transform their futures, just as it transformed things for me."
Burrell scored for the Barbarians on a comeback to previous team Northampton in late 2022